GM

L82 and L84 share a 5.3L direct-injected V8 foundation, but use different cylinder-deactivation strategies. The L84’s Dynamic Fuel Management and newer vehicle electronics make build-date and ECM identification especially important.

Small displacement, useful low-speed torque: the LYX is the 170-hp turbo four used in the Terrain and Equinox. Its compact direct-injection design suits daily driving, with cold-weather charge-air problems being one of the most useful concerns to recognize.

The LH7 gives the Terrain, Equinox and Cruze 240 lb-ft from a quiet, compact diesel four-cylinder. Its emissions controls and E98 electronics make software and sensor checks an important part of diagnosis.

The L5P brings 445 hp and 910 lb-ft to GM’s HD pickups. Its Denso controller and fuel system are major identification points, while the 2020 truck revision changes the transmission from six speeds to ten.

The LGX and truck-focused LGZ modernize GM’s naturally aspirated V6 with direct injection and revised valve control. Both use E82-family electronics in the verified Acadia/Canyon applications, while output and operating strategies remain vehicle-specific.

The LWN gives midsize pickups and work vans diesel torque from a compact four-cylinder. Its belt-driven DOHC engine and E98 controller require a different service plan from GM’s larger Duramax engines.

The L86 makes its case with 420 horsepower and broad V8 torque in Denali, Escalade and selected full-size pickups. Direct injection, variable cam timing and AFM give it a more complex fuel and oil-control system than its exterior suggests.

The L83 brings direct injection, cam phasing and AFM to the familiar 5.3L V8. L8B adds eAssist mild-hybrid equipment, giving it separate electrical and control-system requirements even though the quoted engine output is similar.

This aluminum 4.3L uses direct injection and variable cam timing in a modern pushrod V6. LV3 is the pickup version with AFM; LV1 is the van application without AFM. Those codes distinguish it from the older iron-block LU3.

The LTG gives the Terrain a lively 252-hp option and also powers GM sedans and coupes. Direct injection, variable cam timing and a twin-scroll turbo make this four-cylinder feel larger than its 2.0-liter displacement.